The Common Approaches of Nitrogen Removal in Bioretention System

Bioretention is considered one of the best management practices (BMPS) for managing stormwater quality and quantity. The bioretention system has proven good performance in removing total suspended solids, oil, heavy metals. nitrogen (N) removal efficiency insufficient, however, due to complex forms nitrogen. Therefore, this paper aims review recent enhancement approaches discuss factors influencing efficiency. To improve efficiency, several should be when designing systems, including concentration, climate factors, hydrological factors. Further, soil plant selection appropriate environmental conditions. Three design improvement have been reviewed. first inclusion a saturated zone (SZ), which used widely. SZ shown removal. second approach (which less popular) usage additives form mixture with media or as separated layer. This concept intended applied tropical regions wet conditions short dry period. third combines previous two (enhanced filter applying SZ). more efficient recently attracted attention. study suggests that further studies on carried out. Applying amendment material through integrating it provides complete cycle. promising method enhance In general, offers tool improving quality.